TABLE 6.2 Shepard Citation Labels From [Rose, 1994]. Reproduced with permission of Lawrence Erlbaum
CodeDescriptionComments
HISTORY OF CASE
AAffirmedSame case affirmed on appeal
CCConnected caseDifferent case from cited case but arising out of same subject matter or intimately connected therewith
CFCertiorari filed 
DEDenied 
DMDismissedAppeal from same case dismissed
GRGranted 
INUS cert deniedCertiorari denied by U.S. Supreme Court
 US cert dismissedCertiorari dismissed by U.S. Supreme Court
US reh deniedRehearing denied by U.S. Supreme Court
US reh dismissedRehearing dismissed by U.S. Supreme Court
MModifiedSame case modified on appeal
MIMandate issed 
NPNot published 
PDPetition denied 
PGPetition granted 
RReversedSame case reversed on appeal
SSupersededSubstitution for former opinion
SCSame case 
VVacatedSame case vacated
TREATMENT OF CASE
CCriticizedSoundness of decision or reasoning in cited case criticized
DDistinguishedCase at bar different either in law or fact from case cited
EExplainedStatement of import of decision in cited case
EXexaminer’s decisionNot merely a restatement of the facts
FFollowedCited as controlling
HHarmonizedApparent inconsistency explained and shown not to exist
JDissentingCitation in dissenting opinion
LLimitedRefusal to extend decision of cited case beyond precise issues involved
OOverruledRuling in cited case expressly overruled
PParallelCiting case substantially alike (“on all fours”) with cited case in its law or facts
QQuestionedSoundness of decision or reasoning in cited case questioned